System Perspective Theories

The relationship between the built environment and its human inhabitants is very important. ‘Good’ spatial behaviour is an indicator of successful architectural design, whereas ‘bad’ spatial behaviour can be an indicator of wasted resources and the cause for Occupants dissatisfaction’.
System : A group or structure that perform any activity together
Perspective : Point of view
Theories : Interrelated sets of concepts
There are some theories that provides number of possibilities for interventions at multiple levels of person and environment interactions. Eg : Stimulation theories, Control theories, Behavior setting theories
Human interactions with physical environment consist both natural & physical environment.
Stimulation is action or respond arouse by any encouragement or interest, To excite by any functional activity.
The act of increasing level of activity. Eg: A plant grows towards light source & if the direction of light is changed the plant will also change its direction.
Physical environment is a source of sensory information essential for human well being.
Stimulation source may be light,color,heat,texture,fragrance,buildings,streets or parks etc.
Effects of stimulation:
Concrete aspects.
Symbolic aspects.

Stimulation theories alert the social workers to consider the quality & intensity of sensory stimulation in the environments where the clients live and work.
Peoples respond to concrete & symbolic aspects to their physical environment.
The goal to use this knowledge for designers is to support the brain development
& functioning for the users groups.
Stimulation theorists propose that patterns of stimulation feelings, thinking, social interaction and health.
It varies by amount- intensity, frequency, duration, number of sources and by types.
Moderate level of stimulation becomes comfortable for the user.
Stimulus overload & stimulus deprivation have negative impact on human behavior
Attachment theory
Nurturing nature
Gender theory
Crowding refers to a person’s experience of the number of other people around.
Rather than physical ratio, crowding is a personally defined, subjective feelings that too many others are around.
Crowding generally refers to people’s psychological response to density, that is, to their feelings of being crowded, having a lack of privacy or an increase in unwanted interactions or psychological distress
Physical density is a numerical measure of the concentration of individuals or physical structures within a given geographical unit. It is an objective, quantitative and neutral spatial indicator.